PRESENT
Continuous - to be + doing
Действие, происходящее в данный момент.
Simple - do, don't + do; doesn't + do
PERFECT - have, has + ed; have, has + V3
Действие закончилось к данному моменту: результат, законченность
I have worked. I have shown. - I haven't worked.
He has worked. He has shown. - He hasn't worked.
We have worked. We have shown. - We haven't worked.
You have worked. You have shown. - You haven't worked.
They have worked. They have shown. - They haven't worked.
PERFECT CONTINUOUS - have been, has been + for / since
Действие, начавшееся в указанный момент и совершается (продолжается) до другого момента
I have been talking to John for two hours / since 5 o'clock.
He has been talking to John for two hours / since 5 o'clock.
We have been talking to John for two hours / since 5 o'clock.
You have been talking to John for two hours / since 5 o'clock.
They have been talking to John for two hours / since 5 o'clock.